Q1 FY2022 Earnings Call
MU · Preprocessing Report
2021-12-20
Quality
100%
52
Turns
12
Speakers
4
Sections
8
Exchanges
485
Claims

Entities by group 56

company executives 2
MicroncompanySanjay Mehrotraperson
memory standards 5
DRAMtechnologyDDR5technologyGDDR6XtechnologyGDDR6technologyDDR5Xtechnology
sell-side analysts 5
Vivek AryapersonTimothy ArcuripersonToshiya HaripersonShannon CrosspersonMehdi Hosseiniperson
flash memory 4
NANDtechnologyQLCtechnologyNORtechnologymanaged NANDtechnology
DRAM memory nodes 2
1-alpha DRAMproduct1Z DRAMproduct
NAND memory products 1
176-layer NANDproduct
business segments 2
Embedded Business UnitcompanyCompute and Networking Business Unitcompany
semiconductor lithography 1
EUVtechnology
business segment 2
Storage Business UnitotherMobile Business Unitother
DRAM process nodes 1
1-gammatechnology
semiconductor device technology 1
CMOStechnology
storage technologies 1
HDDtechnology
data center SSDs 1
7400 SSDproduct
data center SSD interfaces 1
Gen4 NVMeproduct
interconnect standards 1
Gen4 PCIetechnology
edge and connectivity technologies 1
IoTtechnology
Ungrouped 25
Dave ZinsnerpersonLTAotherC.J. MusepersonCOVID-19eventCredit SuissecompanyJohn PitzerpersonSSDproductQ1 FY2022eventFarhan AhmadpersonNVMetechnologyJoseph MoorepersonMediaTekcompanyAMDcompanyRadeon RX 6000productLPDDR5XproductFY 2022eventSECcompanyMetaversetechnologyNVIDIAcompanyUMCcompanyMCPproductCHIPS ActeventFABS ActeventDeltaeventOmicronother
REPORTING 107PROJECTING 62POSITIONING 154EXPLANATORY 47ANALYST 63

Topics 111

revenue×32dram×29memory×24supply×19inventory×18ddr5×16cost×16demand×15operating×14automotive×14nand×13capital expenditure×10bit×8agreement×8lta×8margin×7ssd×6bond×6gross margin×6equipment×6

Themes 335

demand growth×11automotive×10long-term×8revenue×7growth×6mobile×5fiscal 2022×5supply constraints×4fq2 guidance×4second half×3pricing×3trend×3guidance×3forward-looking statements×2technology leadership×2node mix and production share×2memory and storage×2server demand×2client×2supply shortage×2demand drivers×2industry supply-demand balance×2dram and nand×2front-end reductions×2assembly and packaging×2per bit reductions×2bit shipments×2business unit revenue×2profitability×2embedded business unit×2operating×2quarterly result×2full-year guidance×2free cash flow×2company purpose×2corporate responsibility×2data-center×2equipment constraints×2outlook×2covid mitigation and inflationary pressure×2covid and inflation pressure×2lta mix×2strong×2lehi impact×2lehi wafer sales×2pc adoption×2customer levels×2customer-specific strategy×2earthquake impact×2planning and slot securing×2non-gaap basis×1gaap to non-gaap reconciliation×1company updates×1attendee schedule×1q1 fy2022 discussion×1risk factors×1future results×1year-over-year growth×1record outlook×1product ramp×1product shipping×1product launch×1product validation and shipment×1market deployment lead×1advanced×1scale×1euv production×1replacement gate×1bit density leadership×1industry leadership×1technology and innovation leadership×1supply continuity×1annual agreements×1supplier agreements×1component availability×1metaverse demand×1launches and qualifications×1data center growth×1product strength and profitability×1data center launch×1customer qualification×1data center revenue ramp×1pc clients×1pc demand stabilization×1pc market outlook×1enterprise pcs×1pc shipments×1low-power pc demand mix×1low-power pc opportunity×1ddr5 revenue start×1supply shortages×1pc transition×1product portfolio×1gaming cards×1gddr6 graphics×1gaming market×15g phones×15g sales outlook×1lpddr5x validation×1content growth in automotive applications×1data center analogy×1autonomous capability×1unit production outlook×1industrial iot growth×1factory automation and security×1demand outlook×1bit demand and supply growth×1server deployments×15g shipments and automotive and industrial demand×1non-memory shortages constraining customer spending×1non-memory shortages delaying demand×1non-memory shortages easing and supporting memory demand×1non-memory shortages creating demand variability×1supply easing×1product qualifications×1bit growth×1greenfield wafer expansion×13d scaling and capacity×1manufacturing and r&d investment×1r&d expansion×1investment returns×1future capacity×1quarterly results×1quarterly sales×1sequential decline driver×1asp×1compute and networking×1cloud enterprise and graphics performance×1managed×1share of mobile revenue×1consolidated×1nand sales mix×1spending increase×1quarterly profitability×1adjusted profitability×1investment gains impact×1net spending×1front-end loaded×1fab divestiture×1capital return×1shareholder payout×1quarterly payout×1valuation discount×1quarter-end level×1year-end target×1supply tightness×1cash position×1total balance×1inaugural issuance×1offering proceeds×1investor participation×1green proceeds×1green financing×1refinancing×1leverage-neutral capital structure×1interest expense and maturity×1pc customers×1gross margin mix×1mitigation and assembly test expenses×1process node ramp×1next-generation technology investment×1fiscal q2 guidance×1cross-cycle performance×1gross and operating×1future financial strength×1company results×1global×1underrepresented hires×1public disclosure×1website availability×1storage demand×1ai and connectivity tailwinds×1customer value×1economic growth×1security×1domestic manufacturing×1exciting time×1robust and growing×1ahead×1cycle dynamics×1kitting issues×1kitting resolution×1first-half outlook×1sequential guidance×1demand constrained by shortages×1end-demand strength×1supply-chain shortages easing×1consumer-oriented segments×1customer product cycles×1ai and big-data workloads×15g memory content×1memory content growth×1higher content×1vehicle and server volume×1relative volume and content×1content growth demand×1secular trend×1customer rollout×1demand-supply balance×1capex discipline×1memory supply guidance×1supplier discipline×1calendar 2022 outlook×1cost side×1covid-related normalization×1product-portfolio shifts×1year-over-year comparison×1improvement×1drivers×1176-layer and 1-alpha node×1second quarter tailwind×1high-value solutions×1reduction×1component constraints easing×1near-term improvement×1second-half outlook×1pc customer improvement timing×1supply chain constraints×1inventory normalization×1demand recovery×1unit sales guidance×1recovery×1contract assumptions×1take-or-pay terms×1supply planning×1visibility and transparency×1partner trust×1customer demand×1portfolio management×1volume-targeted×1demand tailwinds×1next year outlook×1industry discipline×1industry context×1lean levels×1supply-chain constraints×1limited overall×1forward monitoring×1demand-supply environment×1capex and supply×1investment year×1investment pace×1linearity×1incremental spend×1tightness×1cost drivers×1lumpy timing×1second quarter timing×1annual level×1shortfall timing×1quarterly increase×1slower sequential growth×1cost discipline×1lehi underloading×1q2 bridge×1wafer sales from lehi×1lehi closing×1held-for-sale assets and margins×1ended at lehi×1margin stability after accounting change×1underloading impact on gross margin×1customer tenor×1procurement price×1customer bits×1supply requirements×1customer fit×1adoption rate×1relationship value×1strengthening×1customer visibility and discussions×1customer confidence and execution×1server mix×1server adoption×1product development×1high demand×1ramp in pc before server×1industry availability×1ramp timing×1ddr5 mix×1second-half acceleration×1server ramp×1demand environment×1blended decline×1earnings call context×1forward-looking commentary×1supply-demand outlook×1process technology and cost×1product mix optimization×1just-in-case philosophy×1customer sentiment×1sustained higher levels×1strategically higher levels×1geopolitical buildup×1pre-pandemic levels×1raw materials×1non-memory components×1customer management×1delays and decommits×1lead time delays×1supplier collaboration on demand timing×1pushout expectations×1delivery expectations×1production impact×1output impact×1industrial business×1sustainable growth rate×1cross-cycle growth rate×1high-growth driver×15g-driven demand×1broad market increase×1sustainable growth opportunity×1uncertainty×1variant impact×1latest changes×1variant response×1workplace safety×1pandemic continuity×1supply support×1operational continuity×1pandemic resilience×1covid-related increase×1covid-related decline×1macroeconomic impact×1adaptability×1agility×1accelerated roadmap×1roadmap acceleration×1benefit timing×1benefit from prior spending×1pipeline from prior investment×1progression across markets×1nvme opportunity capture×1planned investment×1euv investment×1product and process technology×1

Key Metrics 96

revenue×39demand×22gross margin×15inventory×14operating expenses×12bit demand growth×10capital expenditure×8content×7bit shipments×7supply×6revenue growth×4costs×4inventory levels×4profitability×3mix×3bit demand×3cost×3capex×3free cash flow×3proceeds×3bit growth×3adoption×3bit production×2unit sales×2unit production×2capacity×2shipments×2bit supply growth×2assembly and packaging costs×2cost per bit×2asp×2earnings per share×2volume×2supply growth×2cost reduction×2pricing×2cagr×2prequalification expenses×2margin×2production×2average selling price×2growth rate×2operating expense×2yield×1deployment×1production volume×1bit density×1quality×1qualification×1volume production×1dram content×1units×1growth×1deployments×1customer bills×1supply-demand balance×1bit shipment growth×1wafer capacity×1capital expenditures×1demand growth×1returns×1research and development expense×1operating income×1adjusted ebitda×1operating cash flow×1shares repurchased×1dividend×1share repurchases×1liquidity×1debt×1bond issuance×1bond offering×1leverage×1net interest expense×1tax rate×1eps×1representation×1unit volume×1expense×1business mix×1return on invested capital×1product mix×1spending×1opex×1guidance×1depreciation expense×1price×1lta penetration×1percentage×1compute dram mix×1cost structure×1lead times×1pushouts×1output×1market share×1revenue mix×1

Entities 816

Micron×365Sanjay Mehrotra×145Dave Zinsner×82DRAM×27DDR5×19NAND×19LTA×111-alpha DRAM×10C.J. Muse×10176-layer NAND×9COVID-19×8Vivek Arya×8Timothy Arcuri×7Toshiya Hari×7Credit Suisse×6John Pitzer×6SSD×5Q1 FY2022×5Shannon Cross×5Farhan Ahmad×4NVMe×4Mehdi Hosseini×4GDDR6X×3EUV×3Embedded Business Unit×3Joseph Moore×3MediaTek×2AMD×2Radeon RX 6000×21-gamma×2GDDR6×2LPDDR5X×2Storage Business Unit×2FY 2022×2SEC×1DDR5X×11Z DRAM×1CMOS×1QLC×1NOR×1Metaverse×1HDD×17400 SSD×1Gen4 NVMe×1Gen4 PCIe×1NVIDIA×1UMC×1IoT×1Compute and Networking Business Unit×1Mobile Business Unit×1managed NAND×1MCP×1CHIPS Act×1FABS Act×1Delta×1Omicron×1

Business Segments 101

Compute And Networking×50Embedded×26Storage×13Mobile×11Automotive And Industrial×1

Sectors 326

semiconductor×253automotive×33data storage×9cloud computing×6data center×5gaming×3mobile telecommunications×2smartphone×2industrial×2dram×2graphics cards×1professional visualization×1security systems×1consumer electronics×1smart home×1financial services×1artificial intelligence×1supply chain×1server hardware×1

Regions 15

Lehi×8Taiwan×3U.S.×2Atlanta×1global×1

Metadata Distributions

Sentiment
positive 202negative 42neutral 189
Temporality
backward 111forward 129current 193
Certainty
definitive 95confident 144moderate 150tentative 44
Magnitude
major 68moderate 266minor 99
Direction
improvement 42decline 13flat 7mixed 9none 362
Time Horizon
immediate 87near_term 189medium_term 54long_term 27unspecified 76
Verifiability
quantitative 106event 26qualitative 301
Analyst Intent
probing 29challenging 2confirming 10seeking_detail 13seeking_guidance 9

Speakers

Executives
DZDave ZinsnerCFOSMSanjay MehrotraCEO
Analysts
CMC.J. MuseanalystJMJoseph MooreanalystJPJohn PitzeranalystMHMehdi HosseinianalystSCShannon CrossanalystTATimothy ArcurianalystTHToshiya HarianalystVAVivek Aryaanalyst
Other
FAFarhan AhmadirOPOperatoroperator

Sections

TypeLabelSpeaker
preamblePreambleOperator
prepared_remarksPrepared RemarksSanjay Mehrotra, Dave Zinsner, Farhan Ahmad
qa_sessionQ&A Session
operator_signoffOperator Sign-offOperator

Q&A Exchanges 8

#AnalystFirmTurns
1
CMC.J. Muse
Evercore5
2
VAVivek Arya
Bank of America5
3
JPJohn Pitzer
Credit Suisse7
4
TATimothy Arcuri
UBS5
5
MHMehdi Hosseini
SFG9
6
JMJoseph Moore
Morgan Stanley3
7
THToshiya Hari
Goldman Sachs7
8
SCShannon Cross
Cross Research5

Claim Taxonomy 433

REPORTING107
resultFinancial outcome for a completed period73
metricNon-financial quantitative fact13
operationalDiscrete completed event21
PROJECTING62
guidanceQuantitative expectation with number + time37
commitmentPromise with binary verifiable outcome17
targetLong-term aspirational quantitative goal8
POSITIONING154
strategyPriority, direction, or initiative75
competitiveCompany's position or advantages8
opportunityMarket condition framed as growth driver50
riskHeadwind, constraint, or uncertainty21
EXPLANATORY47
attributionWhy a specific outcome happened16
contextNon-company macro/industry fact31
FRAMING0
thesisFalsifiable belief about how the world works0
ANALYST63
questionInterrogative seeking information40
observationRestates a fact or data point20
concernFlags a risk or challenge3
estimateAnalyst's own projection or calculation0
sentimentOpinion, praise, or critique0

Transcript

Preamble
OP
Operatoroperator
Hello. Thank you for standing by, and welcome to Micron's First Quarter 2022 Financial Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. After the speakers' presentation, there will be a question-and-answer session. [Operator Instructions] Please be advised that today's conference may be recorded. [Operator Instructions] I would now like to hand the conference over to your speaker today, Farhan Ahmad, Vice President of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.
Prepared Remarks
FA
Farhan AhmadirMicron Technology
Thank you, and welcome to Micron Technology's fiscal first-quarter 2022 financial conference call. On the call with me today are Sanjay Mehrotra, President and CEO, and Dave Zinsner, Chief Financial Officer. Today's call will be approximately 60 minutes in length. This call, including the audio and slides, is also being webcast from our Investor Relations website at investors.micron.com. In addition, our website contains the earnings press release, and the prepared remarks filed a short while ago. Today's discussion of financial results will be presented on a non-GAAP financial basis unless otherwise specified. A reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP financial measures may be found on our website. As a reminder, a webcast replay will be available on our website later today. We encourage you to monitor our website at micron.com throughout the quarter for the most current information on the Company, including information on the various financial conferences that we will be attending. You can follow us on Twitter at MicronTech.
As a reminder, the matters we will be discussing today include forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from statements made today. We refer you to the documents we file with the SEC, specifically our most recent Form 10-K and 10-Q, for a discussion of risks that may affect our future results. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements. We are under no duty to update any of the forward-looking statements after today's date to conform these statements to actual results. I'll now turn the call over to Sanjay.
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Sanjay MehrotraCEOMicron Technology
Thank you, Farhan. Good afternoon, everyone. Micron delivered outstanding results in fiscal Q1, achieving strong year-over-year revenue growth and solid profitability. Our strong start to the year and our product portfolio momentum keep us on track to deliver record revenue and robust profitability in fiscal 2022. We are rapidly ramping our industry-leading 1-alpha DRAM and 176-layer NAND products and achieving excellent yields, and these products are now shipping across our major end markets. We achieved significant product advancements and customer wins, including launching our first DDR5 solution, introducing our vertically integrated Gen4 NVMe data center SSD, validating the world's first low-power DDR5X with MediaTek and shipping our GDDR6X for AMD's Radeon RX 6000 graphics card. The secular demand for memory and storage, along with Micron's focus on building our technology and product leadership and deepening our customer relationships, continues to strongly position us to create significant shareholder value in fiscal year '22 and beyond. With the successful ramp of 1-alpha DRAM and 176-layer NAND products across major end markets, we are several quarters ahead of the industry in market deployment of these leading-edge process technologies. The combination of 1-alpha and 1Z DRAM nodes represents the majority of our DRAM bit production and 176-layer NAND now accounts for the majority of our NAND bit production. Our strong execution on these advanced nodes sets us up for the successful fiscal year '22. We are also investing to scale our technology for the next decade. We are planning for volume DRAM production on EUV in 2024 with our 1-gamma node. Integrating EUV with our existing multi-patterning immersion lithography expertise will help us maintain DRAM technology leadership for many years to come. And in NAND, we have successfully transitioned to replacement gate and have a road map to scale for several generations while leveraging our leadership in CMOS and early and QLC to maintain a bit density leadership. In addition to being a technology leader, Micron is the industry quality leader with two-thirds of our customers ranking us number one in quality. As a technology and quality leader and as an innovation partner with strong global manufacturing network, we have become a strategic supplier to our customers.
And its ongoing semiconductor supply chain challenges, Micron has leveraged our deep related partnerships with customers and suppliers to support DRAM, NAND and NOR supply continuity. On the customer side, we are seeing greater commitment and collaboration on supply planning, including the use of long-term agreements. Today, over 75% of our revenue comes from volume-based annual agreements, a significant increase from five years ago when they accounted for around 10% of our revenue. On the supplier side, we have entered into strategic agreements to secure supply of certain components that we need to manufacture our products. As a result of these agreements, the current tight supply of these components is expected to gradually improve for us throughout calendar 2022. Now let us review our end markets.
Demand for memory and storage is broad, extending from the data center to the intelligent edge and to a growing diversity of user devices. Memory and storage revenue has outpaced the rest of the semiconductor industry over the last two decades, and we expect this trend to continue for years to come, thanks to AI, 5G and EV adoption. In addition, the build-out of immersive virtual worlds often referred to as the Metaverse will offer even more opportunity due to the intensive use of significant memory and storage in these applications. Our team's execution on strengthening our product portfolio has been outstanding, with several new product launches and customer qualifications in FQ1, achievements we are very proud of. I will highlight some of these achievements as I discuss our end markets.
Data center is the largest market for memory and storage, and we expect it to outpace the broader memory and storage market over the next decade. Memory and storage is growing as a portion of server BOM supported by new and heterogenous computing architectures; the growth of data-intensive workloads and AI; and the ongoing displacement of HDDs by SSDs.
In the fiscal first quarter, data center revenue grew more than 70% year-over-year as a result of continued cloud demand and the resurgence of enterprise IT investments. Our strengthening product portfolio also contributed to strong profitability. In Q1, we launched the 7400SSD the first data center NVMe SSD to utilize our internally developed controller and firmware, along with our DRAM and NAND. This Gen4 NVMe product has already been qualified by two key customers. Looking ahead, we expect a strong ramp in our data center SSD revenues in FQ2 driven by increased sales of our NVMe SSD products.
In addition, we launched the industry's leading DDR5 and see strong demand as customers prepare for new server product launches in calendar '22. While PC end demand remains strong, our clients revenue declined sequentially due to the PC production impact from ongoing non-memory component shortages and related customer inventory adjustments of DRAM and NAND products. Consistent with the expectations we articulated in our last earnings call, the inventory adjustment at most PC customers is now largely behind us, and we are seeing signs of stabilization in demand in this end market. As we enter calendar year 2022, we expect PC unit sales to be in line with those for calendar year 2021. Mix of enterprise PCs in calendar year 2022 is projected to be higher as companies invest to support hybrid work environments. This shift in the mix of PC unit shipments should increase average PC DRAM and NAND content. Low-power DRAM has grown to 20% of the PC industry DRAM bit demand today and is projected to become the majority of the PC market in five years. Given our industry-leading solutions in low-power DRAM, we are well positioned to benefit from this trend. In FQ1, we achieved qualifications and volume production of our 176-layer Gen4 PCIe client SSD at several PC OEMs as well as our first revenues for DDR5 memory. Across the PC industry, demand for DDR5 products is significantly exceeding supply due to non-memory component shortages impacting memory suppliers' ability to build DDR5 modules. We expect these shortages to moderate through 2022, enabling bit shipments of DDR5 to grow to meaningful levels in the second half of calendar 2022. We are poised to take advantage of this transition with industry-leading DDR5 solutions for PCs.
In the fast-growing graphics market, Micron holds an excellent position with a broad product portfolio featuring our proprietary GDDR6X product line and the partnerships with leading GPU suppliers. We increased our revenue sequentially and year-over-year. Our proprietary GDDR6X continues to have market success, including integration on NVIDIA's high-end gaming cards. In FQ1, we were pleased to announce availability of our GDDR6 memory solutions on AMD's Radeon RX 6000 graphics card, extending the value of GDDR6 memory to the entire gaming market.
FQ1 mobile revenue increased more than 25% year-over-year. Mobile memory and storage demand continues to strengthen, supported by content-hungry applications and the continued transition from 4G to 5G, recent 5G phones, which had more than 50% higher DRAM and double the NAND content versus 4G phones. 5G smartphone sales are forecast to exceed 500 million units in calendar year '21, with 700 million units forecast for calendar year '22. We expect mobile content to continue increasing as 5G phones benefit from further innovation in 5G-enabled applications. Following several industry-first last year in FQ1, our 1-alpha-based LPDDR5X, the world's fastest mobile DRAM, was sampled and validated with MediaTek, further demonstrating Micron's leadership in the mobile market. We expect automotive and industrial to be the fastest-growing memory and storage markets over the next decade and we are exceptionally well positioned as a market share leader with over 10% of our revenue coming from these end markets.
In the near term, non-memory component shortages are limiting calendar year '21 auto unit production to be flat year-over-year, significantly below end-consumer demand. However, our FQ1 year-over-year auto revenue growth remained strong at 25% as a result of content growth from in-vehicle infotainment and driver assistance applications, which are advancing rapidly, especially as EV adoption accelerates. New EVs are becoming like a data center on wheels, and we are already seeing examples of 2022 model year EVs supporting level three autonomous capability with over 140 gigabytes of DRAM and also examples with over 1 terabyte of NAND. In addition to continued content growth, we expect calendar year '22 auto unit production to increase as non-memory component shortages ease. We entered into a new supply agreement with UMC to improve our ability to support our automotive customers with NAND solutions as market demand strengthens in calendar year '22.
In industrial IoT, we saw more than 80% year-over-year revenue growth, fueled by the continued ramp in applications such as factory automation and security systems. In consumer IoT, we saw more than 40% year-over-year revenue growth, driven by applications such as VR headsets and smart home devices. We expect IoT demand trends to accelerate further as 5G speeds the adoption of data-intensive applications powered by intelligent edge infrastructure.
Our view of calendar 2021 and calendar 2022 industry bit demand and supply growth is largely unchanged from last quarter. We expect calendar 2021 DRAM industry bit demand growth to be in the low 20% range and industry NAND bit demand growth to be in the high 30% range. We expect calendar 2022 industry bit demand growth to be in the mid to high teens for DRAM and approximately 30% for NAND, in line with our view of the long-term bit demand growth CAGRs for each. We anticipate underlying demand in calendar 2022 to be led by increasing volume of data center server deployments, 5G mobile shipments and continued strength in automotive and industrial markets. Non-memory supply shortages have constrained customer bills and pushed out some demand across many end markets. While these shortages may cause some variability to our demand, we expect them to ease through 2022, supporting memory and storage demand growth.
Turning to our bit supply expectations for the year. Given prudent industry CapEx and very lean supplier inventories, we expect a healthy industry supply-demand balance in calendar year '22. Micron's calendar year bit supply growth for DRAM and NAND will be in line with industry demand. We are planning to deliver record revenue with solid profitability in fiscal year '22, with stronger bit shipment growth in the second half of the fiscal year. The stronger second half bit shipments will be aided by the easing impact of non-memory component shortages on our supply and on customer demand, together with additional product qualifications of our 1-alpha DRAM and 176-layer NAND-based products. As expected in fiscal year '22, the continued ramps of 1-alpha DRAM and 176-layer NAND are providing us with good front-end cost reductions. As we mentioned before, our efforts to increase supply chain resilience and provide business continuity to our customers are headwinds for our assembly and packaging costs, consistent with the broader industry. Overall, we expect annual cost per bit reductions to be competitive with the industry in fiscal year '22 and over the long term.
Turning to capital expenditures. We expect fiscal year '22 CapEx in the range of $11 billion to $12 billion.
For both DRAM and NAND, we plan to achieve bit supply growth with no transitions alone through the middle of the decade. Beyond this time horizon, we anticipate the need to add greenfield wafer capacity for DRAM. However, for our NAND supply growth, we expect continued 3D scaling to be sufficient to meet industry demand growth without the need for wafer capacity additions. We recently announced our intent to invest more than $150 billion globally over the next decade in leading-edge memory manufacturing and R&D. As part of our commitment to investing in R&D, we announced plans to establish a state-of-the-art memory design center in Atlanta. These announcements reflect our confidence in persistent long-term demand growth for memory and storage and our ability to generate returns on these investments. We look forward to working with governments around the world, including in the U.S., as we consider sites to support future expansion. I will now turn it over to Dave.
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DZ
Dave ZinsnerCFOMicron Technology
Thanks, Sanjay. Micron delivered outstanding results to start the fiscal year with revenue, margin and EPS all coming in within our guidance ranges while also generating healthy free cash flow. Total FQ1 revenue was approximately $7.7 billion, down 7% quarter-over-quarter and up 33% year-over-year. The sequential revenue decline was predominantly attributable to weakness related to non-memory component shortages at our customers, as Sanjay discussed earlier. FQ1 DRAM revenue was $5.6 billion, representing 73% of total revenue. DRAM revenue declined 8% quarter-over-quarter and was up 38% year-over-year. Sequentially, bit shipments declined in the mid-single-digit percentage range, while ASPs declined in the lower single-digit percentage range. FQ1 NAND revenue was approximately $1.9 billion, representing 24% of Micron's total revenue. NAND revenue declined 5% quarter-over-quarter and was up 19% year-over-year. Sequential bid shipments were approximately flat and ASPs declined in the mid-single-digit percentage range.
Now turning to our FQ1 revenue trends by business unit. Revenue for the Compute and Networking Business Unit was $3.4 billion, down 10% quarter-over-quarter and up 34% year-over-year. Cloud, enterprise and graphics performed well in the quarter, while client revenues declined sequentially. Revenue for the Mobile Business Unit was $1.9 billion, up 1% sequentially and up 27% year-over-year. Micron continues to lead in managed NAND and MCP revenue surpassed 50% of Mobile revenue in FQ1 for the fifth consecutive quarter. Revenue for the Storage Business Unit was $1.2 billion, down 4% from the prior quarter and up 26% year-over-year. SBU profitability benefited in FQ1 from the strong progress made in ramping our 176-layer node. Finally, revenue for the Embedded Business Unit was $1.2 billion, the second highest in our history. EBU revenue was up 51% year-over-year and down 10% from record levels in the prior quarter.
EBU gross margin and operating margin improved sequentially, driven by strong execution. The consolidated gross margin for FQ1 was 47% at the midpoint of our guidance and down approximately 85 basis points from the prior quarter. A higher mix of NAND sales was a headwind to FQ1 gross margin. Operating expenses in FQ1 were $891 million. We continue to expect FY '22 R&D to be up approximately 15% over FY '21 as we invest to strengthen our portfolio. FQ1 operating income was strong at $2.7 billion, resulting in an operating margin of 35%, down slightly from 37% in FQ4 and up from 17% in the prior year. FQ1 adjusted EBITDA was $4.4 billion, resulting in an EBITDA margin of 57%, flat from the prior quarter and up from 43% in the prior year. Non-GAAP earnings per share in FQ1 were $2.16, down from $2.42 in FQ4 and up from $0.78 in the year ago quarter. EPS included approximately $0.01 of gains from Micron Ventures investments.
Turning to cash flows and capital spending. We generated $3.9 billion in cash from operations in FQ1, representing 51% of revenue. Net capital spending was $3.3 billion during the quarter. We continue to expect fiscal 2022 CapEx to be between $11 billion and $12 billion, and it will be front-end loaded in the fiscal year.
Due to the strong revenue and profitability, we generated approximately $671 million in free cash flow. In addition, we received approximately $900 million from the sale of the Lehi fab, which closed in the quarter. We completed share repurchases of approximately $260 million or approximately 3.6 million shares in FQ1. Including our dividend payment, we returned around $371 million to shareholders in the quarter, which represented more than 50% of the free cash flow generated during the quarter. In addition, our Board of Directors approved a quarterly dividend of $0.10 to be paid on January 18 to shareholders of record on January 3. We remain committed to returning more than 50% of the cross-cycle free cash flow through a combination of dividends and buybacks. As we've mentioned before, we will be opportunistic in share repurchases and more aggressive when the shares are trading at larger discounts to intrinsic value.
Our ending FQ1 inventory was $4.8 billion, and average days for the quarter were 103 days within our normal target range of 95 to 105 days. We expect to exit FY '22 with days of inventory at less than 100 days as we expect our DRAM and NAND supply to be tight for the year. We ended the quarter with $11.5 billion of total cash and investments and $14 billion of total liquidity. Our FQ1 total debt was $7 billion. Following our successful sustainability-linked credit facility in May and continuing with our strong commitment to enhancing our environmental and social performance in FQ1, we achieved two important milestones for Micron: our inaugural green bond and inaugural long bonds. The total proceeds from these bonds were $2 billion, and several nationally recognized minority disabled veteran and women-owned financial institutions participated. The $1 billion green bond proceeds will finance eligible sustainability-focused projects, including reducing the Company's greenhouse gas emissions, energy and water use and waste generation. The $1 billion proceeds from the long bonds, along with cash on hand, were used to redeem Micron's senior notes maturing in 2023 and 2024. The net result from the green and long bond offering was essentially leverage-neutral for Micron, while improving our net interest expense and increasing the weighted average maturity of our notes and bank debt from four years to nine years.
Now turning to our outlook for the fiscal second quarter. We're starting to see stabilization in demand for PC customers and end demand remains solid across our markets. On the margin front, we expect that mix improvements are a positive factor for gross margins in NAND. While we continue to have cost headwinds due to COVID-19 mitigation expenses and above normal assembly, test and component costs, our front-end costs continue to benefit from our ramp of 1-alpha DRAM and 176-layer NAND. We expect operating expenses to increase sequentially as we invest in next-generation technologies and products for both DRAM and NAND and accelerate our new product road map. With all these factors in mind, our non-GAAP guidance for FQ2 is as follows. We expect revenue to be $7.5 billion, plus or minus $200 million; gross margin to be in the range of 46%, plus or minus 100 basis points; and operating expenses to be approximately $975 million, plus or minus $25 million. We expect our non-GAAP tax rate to be approximately 10% for FQ2. Based on a share count of approximately 1.14 billion fully diluted shares, we expect EPS to be $1.95, plus or minus $0.10. Our FQ1 results and FQ2 outlook keep us on track to deliver record revenue and solid profitability and free cash flow in FY '22.
In closing, our business is delivering strong cross-cycle performance, revenue growth has significantly outpaced the broader semiconductor industry, gross margins have averaged over 40% and operating margins have averaged around 30%. The strong product and technology momentum and Micron's solid execution give us confidence that we can sustain solid financial performance in the future. I'll now turn it back to Sanjay.
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Sanjay MehrotraCEOMicron Technology
Thank you, Dave.
Micron's culture has played a significant role in driving our strong results. Our vision to transform how the world uses information to enrich life for all serves both as an inspiration for our team and is a foundation for everything we do. Earlier this month, we released Micron's 2021 DEI report entitled For All, which highlights significant accomplishments across the six DEI commitments that we introduced last year. These accomplishments include achieving comprehensive global pay equity as well as increasing representation of underrepresented groups among new college graduate hires by 7%.
We also publicly disclosed consolidated equal employment opportunity or EEO-1 data for the first time. This report is available on our website. Demand for memory and storage remains strong.
The broad integration of AI, proliferation of the intelligent edge, continued data center growth, EV adoption and 5G deployment are creating expanded opportunities for Micron to innovate and deliver new value to our customers. The strategic importance of semiconductors to economic growth has never been more clear and ensuring the security of supply for customers across all industries has never been more important. We look forward to working with governments and initiatives to invest in domestic production both here in the U.S. through the CHIPS Act and FABS Act and in the other countries around the world. It is a truly exciting time in the industry. Our business is robust and growing, and our team is energized to seize the opportunities ahead of us. We'll now open for questions.
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Q&A Session
Q&A 1/8
OP
Operatoroperator
[Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from C.J. Muse with Evercore. You may proceed with your question.
CM
C.J. MuseanalystEvercore
I guess first question would be around more depth from you on kind of the current supply-demand environment as this cycle is really different from any other cycle. Obviously, in the last quarter, we've seen PC kitting issues. Now that appears to be largely resolved. You've talked about shortages in auto. Curious how you're thinking about kind of normal seasonality, if at all, into first half and middle part of 2022, where you're seeing ongoing tightness and how we should interpret that in terms of the sequential bit growth into the second half of fiscal '22 and beyond in calendar '22?
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Sanjay MehrotraCEOMicron Technology
Thank you, C.J. So happy holidays to you, too, and to all our listeners on the call. With respect to the demand trends, we — as we said, we see second half to be strong bit growth supported by the easing of shortages across our customer base. These shortages that our customers have experienced have constrained demand for us. And of course, their end demand trends have been strong. So as the supply chain shortages ease during the course of 2022, that will be a tailwind for demand for us, for memory and storage products. And of course, there is some aspect of seasonality, as you know, in the current quarter, particularly in some segments that are more consumer-oriented parts of our business. So second half, yes, there will be a stronger seasonality aspect as well. Then is the product cycles of our customers. New products in data center with new processors, with new architectures that are enabled with more memory channels, more cores in those processor, more AI and big data workloads driving greater demand for memory and storage in the — during calendar year '22. We expect calendar year '22 to be a strong year for data center demand. 5G, with respect to smartphones continues to drive strong content increases as well as, of course, more 5G phones are being sold. And automotive, we talked about some of the trends of new vehicles that will have more content. And certainly, EVs with more than 140 gigabytes of DRAM and some EVs having a terabyte of NAND content, this is the trend that's starting to build up as well. So overall, the devices have more content. And actually, in automotive, if you think about it, we have 90 million automobiles versus servers at about 15 million. So 6x of automobiles with increasing content.
So of course, this will be a strong demand driver, not just for 2022. I mean, beyond that as well. So the demand trends are secular here in nature. And of course, we work closely with our customers, and we understand how they are looking at their own demand rolling out through calendar '22. So demand trends are strong. We expect healthy demand supply environment in calendar year '22.
On the supply side, of course, it has been disciplined CapEx. And as we have highlighted, we expect DRAM to be in mid-teens to high teens in terms of year-over-year supply growth and NAND approximately 30%. And of course, on the supply side, the CapEx has been disciplined by the suppliers, but also equipment constraints, the long lead time that is there. That, too, gives us confidence regarding calendar year '22 supply outlook. So overall, we believe we are well positioned to deliver a strong second half based on all the demand aspects as well as supply aspects that I just described here as well as a strong profitability for record fiscal year '22 revenue and robust profitability.
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C.J. MuseanalystEvercore
That's very helpful. As a quick follow-up, Dave, can you speak to the cost side? You highlighted expectations for strong front-end cost down.
Curious how are you thinking about normalization of COVID-related expenses? And how should we be thinking about any mix shifts in your product portfolio in calendar '22?
DZ
Dave ZinsnerCFOMicron Technology
Sure. Thanks, C.J. and happy holidays as well. Let me join Sanjay, in telling everybody happy holidays. Yes.
So from a cost perspective — let me just step back a little bit on the margin front because I think it's worth touching on it just for a second. So we delivered very strong gross margins, as you saw in the first quarter, 47%, right in line with where we thought we'd be. Just keep in mind that just a year ago, our gross margins were just a little bit over 30%. So this is a pretty significant improvement in the gross margins.
And of course, some of that obviously comes from pricing, but it also comes from a good cost discipline and the beginnings of the ramp of 1-alpha and 176-layer that we saw last year and into this year. As we look into the second quarter, we do expect to continue to see a tailwind from cost reductions associated with both 176-layer and 1-alpha node, and that should continue through the year. Also, as Sanjay mentioned, we have a lot of product calls ahead of us for this year that will improve the mix of our business into high-value solutions, and so we also expect that to be beneficial. The question — the root of your question is these costs that we're seeing in terms of COVID mitigation and some inflationary pressure. Those are likely to continue through the year. Hard to say when they abate, but we do expect that they will continue through the year.
But other than that, the other areas that — where we have good control over I think we're executing very well in terms of delivering good cost reductions. And at these levels of profitability, the ROI for us, ROIC for us from a business perspective is quite high. So, we're in a good — what I think is a really good place.
Q&A 2/8
OP
Operatoroperator
Our next question comes from Vivek Arya with Bank of America. You may proceed with your question.
VA
Vivek AryaanalystBank of America
You mentioned, Sanjay that you are starting to see PC customers less constrained from a component perspective. I'm curious, is that a near term?
Or is that an expectation of second half of fiscal year '22 comment? So when do you expect your shipments to PC customers as to start to improve?
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Sanjay MehrotraCEOMicron Technology
So, the comment is relative to what we saw three months ago. And as we had highlighted in our earnings call — last earnings call, we have seen that certain PC customers had their supply chain challenges, making it hard for them to get all non-memory components, thereby limiting their production of PCs, even though their end demand of PCs was still strong. So yes, compared to that, what we have seen is that their inventory adjustment that was as a result of their non-component shortages, is now largely behind them, and we are certainly seeing recovery of demand on the PC front compared to the levels that existed three months ago.
And overall, as I noted that for calendar year '22, we expect total PC unit sales to be similar calendar year '21 level. So PC, we expect will be recovering for us in terms of demand as we go forward here in calendar year '22.
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Vivek AryaanalystBank of America
Right. Very helpful. And for my follow-up, Sanjay, you mentioned 75% of your revenues are now based on these long-term agreements. What kind of assumptions goes into that? Are these take-or-pay arrangements? Just given the cyclical nature of the industry, how fixed or dependable are these contracts from a price or volume or margin perspective?
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Sanjay MehrotraCEOMicron Technology
So again, I would like to remind you that about four years ago, five years ago, we used to have about 10% of our revenue based on these LTAs. And today, we have more than 75% of our revenue based on LTAs.
What the LTAs have done is bring us closer to the customer and really enable us to have a much closer dialogue on their planning, their forecast and enables us to plan our supply and the mix of supply appropriately as well. These LTAs are nonbinding in nature, but they do help build greater visibility, greater transparency. And over the long haul, build greater trust and accountability between us and partners because value of memory is just continuing to increase. And there is sentiment of course wanting to make sure that there is sufficient supply of memory available to our customers. So we work closely with them, and it helps us decide our product portfolio as well and manage our overall product portfolio and the mix of the product. So these agreements are volume-targeted agreements. They're not generally based on pricing, but they do help us as well as our customers plan our business far better and give us greater visibility. And again, these have been worked on, improved upon over the course of last few years, and we continue to look forward to continuing to strengthen these LTAs going forward as well.
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Q&A 3/8
OP
Operatoroperator
Our next question comes from John Pitzer with Credit Suisse. You may proceed with your question.
JP
John PitzeranalystCredit Suisse
Congratulations on the solid results.
Sanjay, I want to go back to your expectation for industry bit demand growth for DRAM in calendar year '22 of mid-to-high teens. While that's in line with kind of your long-term view for bit demand, it would be a relatively big deceleration from this year despite the fact that it sounds like you've got a lot of good tailwinds next year, whether it be PC mix improving, smartphone mix and units improving or new architectural shifts on the server side that are going to significantly increase DRAM density per server. And so I'm kind of curious, when you look at that expectation for next year.
Is that being gated by what you and your peers can supply to the industry? Is it being gated by your view of demand? Is it being gated by components outside of your control?
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Sanjay MehrotraCEOMicron Technology
So I think you're right to note that certainly, supply is limited. As I highlighted earlier, CapEx in the industry has been disciplined. And of course, as you know, that exiting 2020, there was inventory in the industry. Supplier inventories are at lean levels as well.
And of course, in terms of supply growth, given the various aspects of supply chain shortages across all industries that have been discussed, equipment today has long lead time as well. So overall, when you really look at calendar year '22, overall supply is rather limited. And of course, demand trends are strong. What I would like to highlight is that you really have to look at long-term CAGR. The long-term CAGR on DRAM of mid-teens to high teens is really driving strong growth, and it is there because of all of the demand trends we have discussed. And so you can't just look at one year, you have to continue to look at longer-term trends. These are secular trends in nature, driving more demand for memory and storage. And of course, what we have provided here is our estimation regarding the bit growth, this is what we expect, and we'll continue to monitor this. Essentially, we expect a healthy industry demand supply environment in calendar year '22, particularly on the side of DRAM.
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John PitzeranalystCredit Suisse
That's helpful. And then, Dave…
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Sanjay MehrotraCEOMicron Technology
And I think, again, it's my supply comments are based on some of the CapEx that we have ourselves said is in DRAM is guided down, but also by our other suppliers in other suppliers that have DRAM in the industry.
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John PitzeranalystCredit Suisse
That's helpful. And then Dave, as a quick follow-up just on the OpEx line, both this quarter and last quarter, you sort of characterized fiscal year '22 as an investment year, but you kind of came in at the low end of OpEx for the fiscal first quarter. Were there any sort of pandemic issues that are preventing you from investing at the rate you want? And as you think about the balance of the fiscal year, how do we think about linearity of OpEx? And what are the two or three big buckets of incremental spend?
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Dave ZinsnerCFOMicron Technology
Yes. So it's right to note that there's a little bit of tightness in the labor market, which, of course, it makes it challenging.
But I'd say the biggest single contributor of the OpEx this quarter — in the first fiscal quarter was just lower R&D expenses and related to prequalification expenses. And those can be a little lumpy and sometimes you just fall over the transom between the first and second quarter of a year. And so it just turns out that they didn't hit in the first quarter, but we feel very confident that they will hit in the second quarter. And we will really spend in absolute terms for the year at the same level as we were predicting last quarter. It's more of a timing situation. So we'll have this kind of step-up in OpEx for the second fiscal quarter. And then it's a much lower sequential rate of growth in the third and fourth fiscal quarter that will get us to roughly, call it, 15% for R&D and SG&A will be a bit below that. But overall, we drive the number we're in.
Q&A 4/8
OP
Operatoroperator
Our next question comes from Timothy Arcuri with UBS. You may proceed with your question.
TA
Timothy ArcurianalystUBS
Dave, my first question is for you.
Can you walk us through the impact from the Lehi sale? I think there were some underloading charges and there was maybe like $100 million a quarter worth of OpEx. So can you sort of bridge that for us as it relates to Lehi between the fiscal Q1 results and the fiscal Q2 guidance?
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Dave ZinsnerCFOMicron Technology
Sure. So we had about $100 million of revenue in the first fiscal quarter related to wafer sales. It was somewhat accelerated because we closed at the end of October.
That's a little bit higher than we've actually been running for the last couple of quarters. So that does actually go away in the second quarter. On the margin front, it was actually pretty close to the corporate average.
We — normally, that's lower, but we moved the assets to a held-for-sale status, I think, at the end of the second fiscal quarter of last year. And so that discontinued the depreciation expense there. And so, we saw margins generally — relatively similar levels once you kind of factor that in. So a lot of the underloading got somewhat removed over the course of the third and fourth fiscal quarter — or let's call it the fourth — first fiscal quarter, such that it won't have a meaningful impact to gross margins in the second fiscal quarter.
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Timothy ArcurianalystUBS
Got it.
And then, Sanjay, for you, just back on the topic of long-term agreements with your customers. Obviously, there's been quite a change in the tenor of sort of how you engage with them. And my question is sort of where do you see this all heading? I mean when you talk to your customers, they're very, very concerned about procuring DRAM at a reasonable price. So for example, do you envision a scenario where maybe you can get them to prepay you for bits?
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Sanjay MehrotraCEOMicron Technology
As we highlighted, I mean, our discussions with our customers and LTAs are more around the requirements of supply. And of course, these lead to closer discussion in terms of understanding their product portfolio, their road map and how our road map gets defined and how our portfolio fits in with their requirements. So as I mentioned earlier, I mean, these discussions, these relationships with our customers have continued to evolve over the course of last few years, taking us from yes, that 10% LTAs to now 75% LTAs. But they're also continuing to evolve in terms of the relationship that is based on value as well. So of course, we will continue to look for opportunities, as I mentioned earlier, to strengthen these LTAs in the future as well. And I would just like to highlight that we are in this good position with the customers in terms of gaining greater visibility to their requirements and being able to drive these LTAs through a lot of good work that our team has done here. The sales teams, our business unit teams and, of course, supported by strong technology, product portfolio and supply chain execution that just gives these customers and other partners the confidence in engaging in these LTA discussions with us.
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Q&A 5/8
OP
Operatoroperator
Our next question comes from Mehdi Hosseini with SFG. You may proceed with your question.
MH
Mehdi HosseinianalystSFG
Yes. Sanjay, my first question is for you. I was wondering if you have any thoughts as to how you see the mix of DDR5 as a percentage of overall server DRAM trending throughout 2022? And I have a follow-up for David.
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Sanjay MehrotraCEOMicron Technology
So with respect to 2022, as the new processors that are able to use DDR5 gets rolled out into the marketplace, that will drive adoption of DDR5 in the server space as well. As we noted, in the PC space, DDR5 adoption has already started, and we have begun to shape the DDR5 product. DDR5 currently is in high demand. Actually, supply there is limited for DDR5 in the industry. So when I look at PC as well as for server, we expect that DDR5 will be ramping up first in PC. And as the processors, with DDR5 new processors become available in the industry.
We particularly see that ramping up later in calendar year '22. I expect that we will be exiting calendar year '22 with approximately 20% the mix of DDR — I'm sorry, with approximately 20% of the mix of DRAM in compute space, at approximately 20% there, okay?
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Mehdi HosseinianalystSFG
Got it.
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Sanjay MehrotraCEOMicron Technology
And so, a stronger ramp in the second half versus the first half because, again, as those new processors ramp up into production with our customers, that will drive a ramp of DDR5 in the second half in the server space. And in PC, as I mentioned, it's happening well throughout calendar year '22.
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Mehdi HosseinianalystSFG
Got it. And for David, I'm just trying to better understand the supply-demand environment. And when I look at your guide — revenue guide and what you reported for DRAM and NAND ASP, seems to me the underlying assumption is based on moderate decline in blended prices. And I'm not asking you for a guide, but is that a fair observation?
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Dave ZinsnerCFOMicron Technology
For second fiscal quarter, you're talking, Mehdi?
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Mehdi HosseinianalystSFG
Yes.
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Dave ZinsnerCFOMicron Technology
Yes. So obviously, we can't comment on pricing on a forward-looking basis. I would just reiterate Sanjay's comments that we see a healthy supply/demand dynamic for the fiscal year for both DRAM and NAND, and we continue to ramp 176-layer and 1-alpha, which gives us a good cost structure going forward. We're going to continue to drive the mix.
All of those assumptions are built into our margin guidance. Of course, there's a high and a low to that margin assumption based on how things can play out.
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Q&A 6/8
OP
Operatoroperator
Our next question comes from Joe Moore with Morgan Stanley. You may proceed with your question.
JM
Joseph MooreanalystMorgan Stanley
I wonder if you could talk about the role of sort of just in case philosophy that you talked about a couple of quarters ago.
Clearly, you're comfortable with your customer inventory levels now. But how are they feeling? And do you expect there to be a higher level of inventory on a sustained basis from here?
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Sanjay MehrotraCEOMicron Technology
So inventory strategy is clearly vary from customers to customers. And some definitely, given what pandemic introduced in terms of supply chain shortages, are looking at strategically higher level of inventory. Some may also be doing it for geopolitical considerations. So we don't really yet see customers going back to pre-pandemic levels, but the strategy around inventory does vary from customer to customer. And overall, as I said, for — on an industry-wide level, while there may be some pockets of some customers carrying extra inventory overall, given the current environment, customer inventory levels are in a decent shape. And just look at us, Micron itself is also, in our own manufacturing, we are holding a lot more inventory of raw materials just to make sure that our supply chain has assuredness with respect to our ability to supply our customers. And our operations planning just in the current environment of somewhat higher uncertainty on the geopolitical front as well as pandemic-related front is operating with greater levels of inventory — with non-memory components inventory. And similarly, customers have similar approach as well in terms of managing their inventory.
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Q&A 7/8
OP
Operatoroperator
Our next question comes from Toshiya Hari with Goldman Sachs. You may proceed with your question.
TH
Toshiya HarianalystGoldman Sachs
I guess my first one is on the supply side. Sanjay, you talked about constraints in the equipment space a couple of times. Are you actually seeing delays or sort of decommits from your suppliers at all? I guess you've maintained your full year CapEx guidance, so perhaps not, but I just wanted to clarify that. And then my part two of my supply question, were there any — was there any impact from the earthquake in Taiwan in the quarter, whether it be from a bit perspective or in terms of your ability to reduce costs?
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Sanjay MehrotraCEOMicron Technology
So our procurement team and our supply chain team works closely with equipment suppliers in terms of long-term planning and securing of slots for equipment. And we continue to drive that. And yes, we have, of course, seen lengthening lead times, but those have also been factored in, in terms of our overall planning. And as I mentioned, I mean, we are really seeing a lot more collaboration with these suppliers in terms of driving our own demand — timing of equipment. So, no, I would not say that we have seen any push outs versus our own expectations. But again, those expectations of equipment delivery are built based on our collaboration with the suppliers and with the visibility that we have provided and with a lot of good planning work between us and our suppliers. And your second part of your question, I forgot now, what was the second part of the question? Can you please repeat that?
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Toshiya HarianalystGoldman Sachs
Earthquake in Taiwan, any impact to bid shipments in the quarter or cost downs?
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Sanjay MehrotraCEOMicron Technology
So the earthquake in Taiwan, at the time of the earthquake, certainly did reduce some of our bid production. By end of the quarter, our impact to our overall output was meaningfully reduced.
TH
Toshiya HarianalystGoldman Sachs
Got it.
And then as a follow-up, I wanted to ask about your business in automotive and industrial. You talked about the two businesses or the two end markets combining for more than 10% of your overall revenue. In a fairly normal environment, whatever that is, both in automotive and industrial, how are you thinking about the sustainable growth rate in those two end markets? You threw out a couple of growth rate numbers for the quarter, but curious how you're thinking about both auto and industrial on a cross-cycle basis?
SM
Sanjay MehrotraCEOMicron Technology
The auto and industrial certainly will be high-growth drivers for us across the cycle. I spoke to all the demand drivers in the automotive market. Micron is clearly an automotive leader in this space. And we said that auto and industrial combined, over 10%. If you look at automotive itself, our share of the market is somewhere mid-single digits.
And this year, we would expect to continue to grow based on all our experience in this market, our share leadership, the high quality we provide and increasing demand for memory and storage content in these markets. And of course, industrial is also growing for us with 5G enabling tremendous demand in the industrial segment with industrial IoT, market drones with surveillance, equipment, with automation in the factories. All of this is tending to drive greater demand as well. So we expect solid growth in both of these markets.
We expect the — overall, if you look at DRAM content CAGR in the automotive market, that's approximately 40% over the course of next three years, NAND CAGR in the automotive power kit, above 50% as well over the course of next three years. So, this really has legs in terms of sustainable growth. And again, we are well positioned in these markets, and we expect our percentage of revenue in this market to continue to increase over the course of next several years.
Q&A 8/8
OP
Operatoroperator
Our next question comes from Shannon Cross of Cross Research. You may proceed with your question.
SC
Shannon CrossanalystCross Research
I have one and then a follow-up. I realize it's early in what's going on with regard to the current variants. But I'm wondering if you've seen any impact from it? And also given here as the first company, at least that I cover that has had to provide guidance in light of some of the changes. I'm curious how you approach thinking about the variant? And then I have a follow-up.
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Sanjay MehrotraCEOMicron Technology
So first of all, with respect to our focus on the business, with respect to our people and Micron has been proactive all throughout the pandemic in taking actions to protect the safety of our team members, whether it is managing strict protocols with our operations — on-site operations with respect to masking, physical distancing as well as vaccination. And of course, as a result of that, we have been successful in continuing to run our operations all throughout the pandemic. And despite various industry-wide challenges on supply, we have been overall generally quite good in terms of our ability to support our customers. With respect to the Micron, of course, we will continue our stringent focus on safety of our team members as well as continuing to run our operations. We will not let our guard down in this regard and of course, continue to monitor all the trends and developments here.
I would like to point out that even with Delta, all our operations continued to run well. And of course, as you saw, the demand for our products continued to be strong as well. And of course, we saw in some parts of the business, higher demand as a result of COVID for certain periods of time, whereas other parts may have had lower demand for certain periods of time as well. So of course, we will continue to monitor the trend. And to the extent that Omicron has any impact on the macroeconomic environment, of course, that might impact some of our business.
However, you have seen that we have been extremely adaptive. We have been extremely agile, and we will continue to do so.
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Shannon CrossanalystCross Research
Okay.
And then I'm just curious, you mentioned higher OpEx, obviously, in fiscal 2022. And that would be accelerating the road map. I'm wondering if you can elaborate a little bit on what we can expect, and is that more sort of a 2023 comment in terms of road map benefit?
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Dave ZinsnerCFOMicron Technology
Well, you're already seeing a lot of the benefit. We'll have a lot of good products coming out through 2022, which were the benefit of the investments that we made in prior years. It's — to a large extent, it's a continuation of the progression of our products in all markets.
Obviously, there's more that we have to do in the SSD front to fully capture all of the opportunity from an NVMe perspective. So there's going to be investment there. There's obviously the next set of process technologies, which will include continued investment in EUV for the 1-gamma that Sanjay mentioned. So lots of different products that we think will be necessary to address the whole market plus continued investment on the process technology side to keep our pace in terms of a leadership position and cost leadership position.
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Operator Sign-off
OP
Operatoroperator
Thank you. And that concludes our Q&A session. Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participating. You may now disconnect.